E-Poster Presentation 34th Lorne Cancer Conference 2022

Desmoglein-2 expression by multiple myeloma is an independent predictor of poor prognosis  (#114)

Lisa M Ebert 1 , Kate Vandyke 2 3 , Zahied Johan 1 , Lih Tan 1 , Kay Myo Min 1 , Andrew Zannettino 2 3 , Stuart Pitson 1 , Craig Wallington-Beddoe 4 5 , Claudine S Bonder 1
  1. Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia & SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
  2. Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide., Adelaide, SA, Australia
  3. Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
  4. College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
  5. Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common haematological malignancy and is an incurable disease of neoplastic plasma cells (PC). Newly-diagnosed MM patients currently undergo lengthy genetic testing to match chromosomal mutations with the most potent drug/s to decelerate disease progression. With only 17% of MM patients surviving 10-years post diagnosis, faster detection and earlier intervention would unequivocally improve outcomes. Here, we show that the cell surface protein desmoglein-2 (DSG2) is overexpressed (gene and protein) in approximately 20% of bone marrow biopsies from newly-diagnosed MM patients. Importantly, DSG2 expression was strongly predictive of poor clinical outcome, with patients expressing high levels of DSG2 exhibiting an almost 3-fold increased risk of death. Preliminary mouse studies also suggest that targeting DSG2 attenuates MM growth and disease progression. As a prognostic factor, DSG2 is independent of (i) genetic subtype, (ii) routinely measured biomarkers of MM activity (e.g. paraprotein) and (iii) therapy received. Functional studies revealed a non-redundant role for DSG2 in adhesion of MM PC to endothelial cells. Together, our studies suggest DSG2 to be a cell surface biomarker that can be readily detected by flow cytometry to rapidly predict disease trajectory at the time of diagnosis.